GROUP AFFILIATION AND THE PERFORMANCE OF INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS IN THE INDIAN STOCK MARKET

Abstract

We document the effects of group affiliation on the initial performance of 2,713 Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in India under three regulatory regimes during the period 1990-2004. We distinguish between two competing hypotheses regarding group affiliation: the “certification” and the “tunneling” hypotheses. We lend support to the latter by showing that the underpricing of group companies is higher than that of stand-alone companies. We ascribe the higher initial returns of group IPOs to investor overreaction. Ex post, we find that group-affiliated companies have a higher probability of survival over the long term: groups support their affiliates to maintain their reputation.